Article prepared by: Dr. Siti Zafirah Ghazali

 

Introduction

Trash fish refers to small-sized fish and juvenile fish that have low or no commercial value in the market. These fish are typically caught as bycatch in trawling operations. In Malaysia, common species in this category include anchovies (Stolephorus spp.), sardines (Sardinella spp.) and glassperch (Ambassis sp.). These species are usually sold as animal feed or processed into fishmeal for use in the aquaculture industry.

Despite their low economic value, trash fish play a crucial role in maintaining marine ecosystem balance and supporting the development of aquaculture in Malaysia.

 

 

Role of Trash Fish in Marine Ecosystems

Trash fish are an essential component of the marine food web, acting as a link between plankton and larger predators. They serve as a primary food source for commercially valuable species such as seabass (Lates calcarifer) and grouper (Epinephelus spp.).

Overexploitation of trash fish, particularly through non-selective trawling methods, can negatively impact fish populations because many juvenile fish are caught before reaching maturity. This reduces natural reproduction rates and threatens future fish stocks (FAO, 2020).

In addition, habitats such as mangrove forests play a vital role as nursery and breeding grounds for many marine species. The destruction of these habitats can significantly affect populations of small fish, including trash fish (FAO, 2007).

 

Role of Trash Fish in the Aquaculture Industry

Since the expansion of aquaculture in Malaysia, trash fish have been widely used as feed for farmed fish, especially commercial species such as seabass and grouper. Although formulated pellet feeds are now more commonly used, fishmeal derived from trash fish remains a key ingredient due to its high protein content (Obi et al., 2025).

The rapid growth of the aquaculture industry has led to increased demand for trash fish. However, this rising demand also places additional pressure on natural fish stocks and raises concerns about sustainability.

 

References

 

 

Date of Input: 09/04/2026 | Updated: 29/04/2026 | sitizafirah